sampleSize <- 10; numIter <- 1000; ubVar <- rep(0,numIter) for (i in 1:numIter) { x <- rnorm(sampleSize); ubVar[i] <- var(x) } bVar <- ubVar * ((sampleSize-1)/sampleSize) var <- c(ubVar,bVar); label <- as.factor(c(rep("sigmaPrime",numIter),rep("sigmaHat",numIter))) boxplot(var~label) abline(1,0,col=1) points(1,mean(bVar),pch=16,col=1) points(2,mean(ubVar),pch=16,col=2)